For a SPAD operating in Geiger mode with no impinging photons, a dark count rate of 50 counts/s, and no afterpulsing, draw the voltage output vs time for a period of 100 ms.
A) Sketch the graph of voltage output vs time.
B) Calculate the total number of counts during the 100 ms period.
C) Determine the efficiency of the SPAD during this time.
D) Explain the significance of the dark count rate in this context.
