Which of the following statements is true with regards to Milgram's experiments on obedience?

a) About 65% of the participants would deliver shocks up to the highest setting, which was surprisingly low according to expert psychologist predictions.

b) Subjects would be least likely to obey if the experimenters were students, absent from the room and if subjects had to physically touch the learner to shock them.

c) Hofling tried to replicate Milgram's experiments in a real-world setting but found that trained nurses would not violate rules, even when instructed to by an authority figure.

d) The experimenters specifically picked out participants who were good at acting to be their learners, which calls into question the validity of the experiment