4. two enterprises, x and y, own 100% of the stock of jv, a joint venture. all the equity, $10 million, is equity at risk. x and y have no involvement in the operation or management of jv, which is the responsibility of a third enterprise, z. z provides a $90 million loan to jv in exchange for the right to direct all of jv's activities via a management contract. jv is expected to be profitable without further financing. is v a vie and why?
