the distribution of the heights of five-year-old children has a mean of 42.5 inches. a pediatrician believes the five-year-old children in a city are different. the pediatrician selects a random sample of 40 five-year-old children and measures their heights. the mean height of the sample is 41.7 inches with a standard deviation of 3.3 inches. a significance test at an alpha level of produces a p-value of 0.133. what is the correct interpretation of the p-value? there is a 13.3% chance that a sample mean at least as extreme as 41.7 inches will occur by chance if the true mean height of five-year-old children is 42.5 inches. assuming the true mean height of five-year-old children is 42.5 inches, there is a 13.3% probability that the null hypothesis is true by chance alone. there is a 13.3% probability that a sample mean of 41.7 inches will occur by chance alone if the true mean height of five-year-old children is 42.5 inches. assuming the true mean height of five-year-old children is 42.5 inches, there is an 86.7% probability that a sample mean height of 42.5 inches will occur by chance alone.
