A florist wants to determine if a new additive would
of Which of the following is a valid conclusion?
extend the life of cut flowers longer than the original
additive. The florist randomly selects 20 carnations
• Conclusions about cause and effect for the additives
from the ones recently delivered by the greenhouse
can be made, because the florist randomly selected
and places the first 10 in water with the new additive
the 20 carnations; additionally, inferences can be
and remaining 10 in water with the original additive.
made about the population of carnations at the
After three weeks, 6 carnations placed in the new
greenhouse.
additive still looked healthy and 2 carnations placed in
. Conclusions about cause and effect for the additives
the original additive still looked healthy. The proportion
cannot be made, because the florist did not
of healthy carnations with the new additive was
randomly assign the 20 carnations; however,
significantly greater than the proportion of healthy
inferences can be made about the population of
carnations with the original additive.
carnations at the greenhouse, because the sample
was random.
Conclusions about cause and effect for the additives
can be made, because the florist took a random
sample of 20 carnations; however, inferences cannot
be made about the population of carnations at the
greenhouse, because the carnations were not
