What does all this say about the post-1492 Islamic world? What factors went into causing what scholars critical of Islam (often unfairly labeled as "Islamophobic" for even questioning the tradition, ironically reminiscent of how those who criticize the policies of the state of Israel in regard to its treatment of Palestine are almost immediately labeled as anti-Semitic) have taken to calling "the Great Reversal"? Is it even possible at this point to separate legitimate critique of Islam as such from xenophobic broad-brushing of Muslims as backwards supporters of terrorism?